Cooling - the limits of nuclear fusion

Whether burning fossil fuels, splitting nuclei or fusing nuclei, every power plant requires cooling. The cooling requirement for nuclear fusion in particular is very high.

30% electricity 70% waste heat
This is the ratio for conventional thermal power plants. These do not have any significant electricity requirements of their own. Fusion power plants, on the other hand, are completely different. High-strength magnetic fields to confine the plasma require electricity. Before fusion takes place, the plasma must be heated to the temperature required for the fusion process. JET and ITER are both designs that are not suitable for continuous fusion. Perhaps the neighboring fusion reactor will then provide the electricity to heat them up.

Significantly more waste heat per kWh of electricity
Let's take a power plant with a thermal output of 5 GW. 1.5 GWh of electricity is generated from the 5 GW of thermal output. If a fusion reactor now needs 1/3 of the electricity to heat up and for the magnetic fields, this would drastically worsen the ratio of waste heat to the electricity supplied.

Super summer 2003: the limits of cooling
Weeks of sunshine, no rainfall, power plants had to reduce output due to a lack of cooling water. Climate researchers predict that such super summers will be normal in a few decades' time. So what sense does it make to invest in an energy source that can supply far less electricity in a hot, dry summer?

Politics - political targets of PEGE
	Nonpolitical, pragmatic, on the other side of ideologies counts in our politic only one target: A long time lasting civilization able to develop further on a stable base.

Philosophy
	Long-term planning and stability have to be the guiding rules of politics. A philosophy based on the mathematic branch of games theory.

Living standard
	What is living standard? How is living standard correctly measured? Is it possible, that our living standard declines drastic, while uncorrect numbers want to make us belive it's like paradise?

Taxes tax politics
	The consequences of the tax politic for humans and environment. The politicians claim to fight for humans and the environment, but the tax politics shows the exact opposit.

Energy politic
	Decades of wrong energy politic. Instead of more living standard with less energy usage, partial the contrary was reached. A result of the wrong tax politic.

Fuel cycle in nuclear fusion reactors
	In a torus system as planned for ITER, only a small amount of deuterium and tritium is fused per combustion cycle before the resulting helium leads to the process being aborted.

Electricity costs for the fusion reactor
	Cost forecast for the production of electricity from nuclear fusion. Extrapolation of known facts to a profitability calculation for fusion power plants.

JET and ITER nuclear fusion
	Key figures from the energy balance. What colorful glossy brochures to the responsible politicians conceal, but is very easy to understand.

Correctly interpreting the energy balance
	If an energy balance of 1:5 were to be achieved at ITER, the experiment would still have failed, because this would be unusable when converted to power plant operation.

The nuclear fusion reactor as a breeder for plutonium 239
	If electricity production in a nuclear fusion reactor is already too expensive, then there will be a tremendous desire to breed plutonium 239 with it.

Nuclear fusion - entry into the total nuclear state
	If the first nuclear fusion reactor goes into operation at a time of exploding oil prices and energy shortages, it will not be possible to stop plutonium breeding.